Amazon Case Syudy

AMAZON. COM Q. 1: A. Break down Amazon. com utilizing the serious powers and worth chain models. Five serious powers shape destiny of firm According to Porter's Five Forces Model, as I would see it, rivalry has expanded by and large because of the web and internet business. The web and IT has made it conceivable to both spotlight on the top and primary concerns and piece of the overall industry is extended and costs are cut. Numerous items and administrations exist simply on the web, significant organizations have gone online to effectively enlarge the physical enterprises, and the playing field is right to edges of the internet, any place that is Traditional contenders Amazon has solid contenders like web based retailing stores and countless physical stores(Books, Grocery,Electronics,Video games and so forth). Models : Barnes and Noble, Inc. , Wal-Mart. com USA, LLC (secretly held), Catalog and Mail Order Houses High †As web crawlers are turning into the main decision for purchasers when shopping on-line e. g. Google. This builds the open doors for different retailers. High †There is an expanding measure of dotcom organizations because of the little capital expected to fire up. Littler specialty member online stores when joined make considerably more rivalry New market participants Threat of new contestants is high when it is simple for new rivalry to enter the market. As the innovation is expanding and encouraging the organizations to an ever increasing extent so it is getting simpler for any business to begin web based retailing tasks. Low †For online built up retailers a solid brand picture creates customer trust. Low †Economies of scale †Retailers that have refined innovation and forms and can purchase in mass can offer the most minimal costs. This is a significant upper hand as there is a lot of decision on the web. Low †Strong involvement with the online retail industry gives e-retailers points of interest as far as cost and client faithfulness. High †Capital prerequisite passage is a low for online businesses’ as cost of rent premises is insignificant. Substitute items and administrations High †Physical stores and contact, feel, hear factors. High †Renting items online as opposed to getting them is expanding in prominence. This is a significant worry for Amazon in their book deals as online retailers, for example, Textbookflix. com and BookRenter. com are giving a lot less expensive choices than purchasing. High †The web is a â€Å"Global Market†, shoppers can substitute any item by buying from organizations abroad where items are less expensive, yet of good quality. Low †Catalog/mail request in spite of the fact that not as well known still a substitute to web based purchasing. Clients/Buyers High †There is an enormous assortment of online shops and correlation sites to look at best costs. Purchaser power is higher when purchasers have more options. Organizations are compelled to increase the value of their items and administrations to get steadfastness. Numerous steadfastness programs incorporate magnificent administrations that clients request on-line. Clients need to take care of their issues and ordinarily they are more fruitful on-line than on-telephone. Additionally, we see web keen organizations jumping up offering increasingly important merchandise and enterprises at lower costs. Presently with the approach of eBay, numerous individuals are accepting jobs as drop shippers. People can have a flourishing business offering products of bigger organizations without conveying stock. Providers Low †For normalized items that are effectively accessible provider force will be low. High †Specialized items and brands increment exchanging costs for purchasers so the providers have higher force. With Amazon items, for example, the Harry Potter books are selective from distributer. High †Online shops making it simpler for distributers/brands to sell legitimately to customers without an outsider (e. g. Blackwell’s), providers may not require Amazon. High †If there is a grouping of providers for specific items in the business as opposed to divided. Low †Global delivery has expanded the measure of providers accessible. Worth Chain The worth chain examination attempted analyzes the operational viability of exercises that empower Amazon. om to perform superior to its rivals. Amazon. com arranges its worth chain exercises to make one of a kind incentive for clients, diminish its expenses of doing these exercises and decrease the expense of its customers’ exchanges. Bolster ACTIVITIES Firm Infrastructure Huge focal client information stockroom accessible to all specialty units. Focal arranging capacity. Amazon. com has a solitary Technology stage with ad ministrations being gradually appropriated to other overall areas, along these lines diminishing expenses by utilizing speculations. Human Resource Management Amazon. om offers workers one of a kind advantages, for example, clinical, took care of time and stock awards and migration stipends. Such a procedure implies distribution centers could be situated in financially less expensive territories yet these advantages can pull in profoundly gifted laborers. For instance in Kentucky, Amazon. com offers a better than average pace of pay of about $11 †$12 in this way decreasing expense of work. Amazon. com sources mastery from exceptionally experienced specialists from different contenders, for example, Walmart. Innovation Development High interests in innovation advancement to use new however obscure open doors in computerized deals of music, books and recordings. For instance having the option to rapidly digitize media for direct online deals/download or for â€Å"Search inside the book† administration. Utilizing standard equipment frameworks from HP to diminish cost of upkeep and similarity Building an IT technique, IT foundation and Data Center on Linux open source programming consequently decreasing expense of innovation improvement. Leasing processing assets to different organizations decrease all out expense of Ownership Procurement Using the Strategic Business Unit †BookSurge to keep a rich stock of computerized duplicates of books in order to make this promptly accessible for clients through print-on-request and lessen time of conveyance. Extraordinarily manufactured appropriation habitats, stockrooms and satisfaction focuses to speed up request preparing in this manner maintaining a strategic distance from exchange costs. Essential ACTIVITIES Inbound coordinations Highly decreased comes back to providers, (for example, unsold books and media) because of accessible precise determining innovation Laseter et al (2000). Productively assembling data about client encounters to advise administration information sources and stock controls. Activities Easy and quick installment frameworks Online client contact and input. 24hour distribution center activities to satisfy client needs. Outbound coordinations Close nearness to motorways e. g. UK Fulfillment Center in Bedfordshire situated close to M1. Capacity to total requests headed for explicit areas. Promoting and Sales Discounts and value decreases made accessible with proposed item blends. Comparable items prescribed to clients intuitively. Intelligent transportation and distributing estimations. Free conveyance dependent on single exchange spend. Administration Free returns strategy inside 30 days. Utilizations commercial center to expand channel and scope of products through outsiders and clients. Value correlation of new items with utilized items in commercial center shops. B. How has it reacted to pressures from its serious condition? They reacted with a ceaseless advancement in business methodology and data frameworks. Its business developments are totally determined by tremendous interests in data frameworks. There were 3,000,000 titles in print, and any one physical book shop could just stock a small amount of them. A â€Å"virtual† book shop offers an a lot bigger determination of titles. Amazon. com had the option to charge lower costs than physical book shops since it kept up almost no of its own stock (depending rather on wholesalers) and didn't need to pay for keeping up physical customer facing facades or a huge retail deals staff. Amazon likewise presented Amazon. com Auctions (like those offered by eBay), and zShops (online customer facing facades for little retailers). To support these new product offerings, Amazon altogether extended its stockroom and conveyance abilities and recruited huge quantities of workers. C. How can it offer some incentive to its clients? In 1995, previous speculation financier Jeff Bezos made the most of new business openings made by the Internet by setting up a Web website to sell books legitimately to clients on the web. Amazon. com gave online summaries, tables of substance, and audits to help with determination. Amazon attempted to give unrivaled client assistance through email and phone client assistance, computerized request affirmation, internet following and transportation data, and the capacity to pay for buys with a solitary snap of the mouse utilizing charge card and individual data a client had given during a past buy. This was called â€Å"1-Click† express shopping, and it made the shopping experience considerably increasingly advantageous. Q. 2: Describe Amazon’s advancing business procedure? Amazon has changed its system throughout the previous 13 years. They began from an approach to sell books over the web straightforwardly to clients, They offered such a large number of things with time as : a. An a lot bigger determination and lower costs b. Incredible client assistance by means of phone and email c. Customer’s capacity to associate with genuine individuals d. The formation of â€Å"1-click† shopping e. In 1998 started selling music and video items They set an objective of being a greatest virtual retail organization. Their extension incorporates lean inventories, low head check, and huge cost reserve funds over customary book shops and other retail contenders. Likewise in mid 2000 they brought down costs, gave free delivery, and offered internet business to clients so as to build benefit. They improved their proficiency and turned into a productive partnership. Q. 3: Why did the organization change its methodology? Amazon continued changing its strate

What is engineering Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

What is designing - Essay Example In that specific circumstance, the extent of building is extremely broad and omnipresent. On the off chance that one attempts to get a handle on the qualities of building in an exceptionally straightforward and brief way, it is a science that has to do with getting things going. In the event that I investigate the greater part of the machines and items that I use are it the kitchen oven, lift, water radiator, PCs, advanced cells or vehicles, these are the contraptions that do certain particular things. These are the items or machines that tackle numerous human issues, and these machines or devices have been made conceivable by the science or order of building. Henceforth, I unequivocally accept that designing is a science that assists mankind with illuminating or manage the troublesome assignments and issues it faces in the regular daily existence. Building does as such by utilizing the accessible logical information to think up advancements, which help in the creation and creation of differed inventive items and contraptions. These devices or machines may shift from bein g straightforward bikes to space ships and rockets. In that sense I basically can't resist wondering about the flexibility of the study of designing. Interestingly, building is an order which I accept has changed each part of the advanced life. I can't discover any part of the contemporary life that has not been impacted by building. For example PC engineers have to do with the planning and creation of the PC equipment and programming, which could be utilized to settle numerous unpredictable issues and errands. Vehicle engineers structure and make fluctuated vehicles and cars that are proposed to satisfy explicit points and destinations like guaranteeing negligible fuel utilization or being able to run on elective powers. At the point when I take a gander at such dumbfounding advancements, I can't resist accepting that a significant number of the solaces and ponders of the cutting edge life could never have been conceivable, yet for

How To Reevaluate and Create Your College List TKG

How To Reevaluate and Create Your College List It’s that time of year again! The weather is cooling down, back-to-school sales are in full swing, and it’s time to really evaluate where you are in your college application process. You’re going to be back in school pretty soon, so there’s never going to be a better time than now. Let’s talk college lists!Hopefully, you have a list of colleges you are planning to apply to. You may have toured a few of them, done some interviews, and have an idea of which one is your favorite. Hopefully, you’re set up to get in there. Your test scores and GPA are well above their median, you have solid extracurriculars, and you’ve spent your summer working on your essays and supplements. But what if you’re not quite where you thought you’d be when fall rolled around? What if the school you want to go to the most is now a major reach?The college process is all about getting you into the best college you can go to, but by best we mean two things. It should be the most respected school you can get into, but it should also (and this is the more important of the two) be a school that will truly work for you. Its academics should match up with your interests, its location should be somewhere you’re interested in being, and its social life should offer things that both make you feel at home while also pulling you out of your comfort zone. We have a habit of defying the odds and every year our kids get into schools that they don’t fit the normal profile for, but we also don’t advise students to apply to schools that are truly impossible. And, unfortunately, some things are just not possible.So we ask that students take some time before school starts up again to sit down with their lists and to see where they stand. Are your SAT scores well above the range for your safety schools, within the range for your target schools, and no more than 100 points (or 1 point for the ACT) below the range for your reaches? Ask the same thing about your grades. The hard truth is that you aren’t going to get into Yale with B-’s even if your scores are great. Test scores do matter, but you only have a few hours in a room to make or break them. It took you 3.5 yrs to earn the GPA colleges will be judging you off of, so we’re big believers that an exceptional GPA can make up for test scores that are less than ideal.Literally go down your list, school by school, checking how you match up. If you’re really lucky, you might even be ahead of your projections. Maybe your reaches are more accessible than you thought they’d be, so it might be worth adding a school that’s a little further of a stretch. Maybe, though, it’s time to add a few more safety schools because you’re a bit below where you expected.Chances are that it’s not the time to retake the SAT/ACT, but it is time to get real, to get honest, and to make decisions that will set you up for success in life. The Ivy you grew up coveting might be out of reach, but for every Ivy there are dozens of amazing schools in large metropolises, small cities, idyllic towns, or the middle of nowhere, that are respected, engaging, and that provide a stellar education. There are literally thousands of colleges in the US alone, so having to get real about one isn’t going to hurt your chances of having an amazing collegiate experience. Looking for other options may even reveal that somewhere you never would have thought of is your perfect fit, and we think that’s pretty awesome.Our biggest goal is to get you into the best school for you. If want some help re-evaluating what that school might be, we’d love to help you out.

How Does Lack Of Support System And Resulting Poverty...

Introduction: (1.5-2) (Story on prisoner and his life after prison here) In 2014, the United States incarcerated 449,000 newly convicted offenders while releasing 636,300 inmates (Carson, 2015). Upon release, offenders were expected to be able to function back in society under parole supervision. This is not the case for many offenders. As they are released from prison, they lack the necessary skills, education, opportunities and support system to successfully reintegrate back into society (Petersilia, 2000; Travis Visher, 2003). In 2005, research showed that 67.8% of released prisoners were arrested for a new crime within 3 years, and 76.6% were arrested within 5 years (Cooper 2014). The high percentage of recidivism is overpopulating correctional facilities while producing a cycling effect for offenders. To attack the issue of recidivism this paper will address the following question: How does lack of support system and resulting poverty influence prisoner re-entry? What are some programs or policies we can incorporate to reduce recidivism? Recidivism can be better understood through the flaws of the United States’ prison industrial complex. The U.S. spends $6 towards correctional facilities for every $10 we spend on higher education (Pew Center on the States, 2008). Research from 2014 demonstrates that we house 2.4 million people into correctional facilities including: local jails, federal prisons, state prisons, juvenile detention centers, immigrant detentionShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Jean Valjean s Les Miserables 7860 Words   |  32 Pagessaid, â€Å"He who opens a school door, closes a prison.† Such a brilliant reflection from this French poet and dramatist explored an astounding reality of life with one of his best-known works, Les Miserables (1862). In this play, Jean Valjean is a prisoner on parole who created a new life for himself with a great deal of time spent exploring the decision that changed his life (Hugo, 2015). 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Essay about Okonkwo as a Tragic Dero - 824 Words

Okonkwo as a Tragic Dero Is Okonkwo a tragic hero? To answer that question one must start by defining the term tragic hero first introduced by Aristotle. Aristotle defined a tragic hero simply as being a character fulfilling three different requirements. The character must be larger than life, and must have a high social standing. The character must also have ordinary human qualities, and must have a tragic flaw that leads to his downfall. In Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart, all these characteristics are found in Okonkwo of Umuofia. The first characteristic of a tragic hero according to Aristotles definition is that the character must be larger than life. The character must be better or greater than his fellows in the sense†¦show more content†¦The second condition for a character to be a tragic hero according to Aristotle is that he should share common human qualities and concerns. He is a mixture of good characteristics and bad ones. Also, he must be someone that people can relate to, and, theref ore, must have the same human problems and must go through life with the same obstacles of ordinary people. This we can see when the author is describing Okonkwos feelings for Ikemefuna, a young boy who has been in his household as compensation to the village for a murdered citizen of Umuofia, Even Okonkwo himself became very fond of the boy --inwardly of course. Okonkwo never showed any emotions openly, unless it be the emotion of anger. To show affection was a sign of weakness; the only thing worth demonstrating was strength. He therefore treated Ikemefuna as he treated everybody else --with a heavy hand. But there was no doubt that he liked the boy. Sometimes when he went to the big village meetings or communal ancestral feasts he allowed Ikemefuna to accompany him, like a son, carrying his stool and his goatskin bag. And, indeed Ikemefuna called him father (Achebe, page 28) From this text we find out that Okonkwo actually had feelings of fondness and admiration toward Ikemefuna. This we see when Okonkwo

It is possible to notice differences in the climate...

It is possible to notice differences in the climate behavior around the word. The elderly people from my hometown claim that today the sun burns more than in the time of their youth; in fact, scientists proove that the average of the patterns of precipitation, temperature, seassons, humudity, and wind of a region over a long period of time, have been abruptly changing through the years and causing several impacts in the earth. The prevision is that it will keep changing. The climate changing is one of the major negative effects of the Global Warming, which is the result of the excess of Greenhouse gases, that happens when the orange light released by the sunrays get in to the atmosphere and hits the ground (surface), reflecting Infrared†¦show more content†¦It also can harm the animal and vegetal spicies, extinguishing them in a worst scenario. Socially, as consequence of the loss of land it would result in crowded population and health implications: air polluiton, pests and diseases, and tremendous ease of propagation, as same as decrease the production of edible resources, less job oportunities for the population; therefore, adversely affect the global economy. There is no proof of how much countries need to reduce the production of Greenhouse gases, but since years ago that scientists have been studying attempts to solve te Global Warming and avoid or stop the climate changing. With the development of the technology, many countries start slowly replacing the old fashioned cars for electric cars to reduce the pollution, which is an example of use of alternative sources of energy. Use renewable energy such as wind, sun, hydro and geothermal energy, and reduce the coal burning from the industries, are plausible solutions too. In the year of 1997, in Kyoto, Japan, it was signed an agreement from over 191 countries with the exception of Andorra, Canada, United States, and Sudan, to legally stop the emissions of Greenhouse gases in two commietment period from 2008 to 2020. Although all those efforts, the soluction begins with ourselves in small actions in our daily routine, since rationalize theShow MoreRelatedIb Math Studies Ia1217 Words   |  5 Pagescom/nba/team/roster/_/name/bkn/brooklyn-netsgt;. * Toronto Raptors Roster 2012  Players in the NBA. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Nov. 2012. lt;http://espn.go.com/nba/team/roster/_/name/bkn/tornto-raptorsgt;. * New York Knicks Roster 2012  Players in the NBA. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Nov. 2012. lt;http://espn.go.com/nba/team/roster/_/name/bkn/new-york-knicksgt;. * Philadelphia 76’ers Roster 2012  Players in the NBA. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Nov. 2012. lt;http://espn.go.com/nba/team/roster/_/name/bkn/philly-76ersgt;Read MoreFlood Essay828 Words   |  4 Pagesthe short message system (SMS) is also provided to warn employees of related government agencies such as the Police, the Army, the Malaysian Meteorological Department (JMM), Civil Defense Department, the Department, and National Security Division (BKN) in the Prime Minister and other agencies involved (Jabatan Pengairan dan Saliran, 2013). The Meteorological Department has also provided a weather forecast web site to facilitate public access to current weather conditions. In 2001, Malaysia has introducedRead MoreFundamental Liberties in Federal Constitution2333 Words   |  10 PagesRujuk balik artikel nie. Isu yg pnting dlm artikel nie is artikel 11)4. Dua term yg perlu diambil perhatian is profess n propagate. Profess mksudnye menganut. Semua org berhak profess agama apa pun yg dia nak. Tp,tak boleh propagate agama n iktikad yg bkn islam kpd org islam. Mksudnye tak boleh ada gerakan yg mengajak org islam untuk keluar n memahami fahaman selain drpd islam. Contohnye mcm kes jamaluddin othman. Dia ni org islam yg murtad n jadik paderi. Kesengalan dia nie adlh,dia na murtad,murtad

Success is believing in yourself free essay sample

Most of your applicants went through school being told that they were the best, that they were intelligent, successful, talented.I went through school being told I was stupid.It began in first grade. My teacher told my mother that I needed extra help: tutors and summer programs for students behind in school. But here’s the truth — I didn’t have a learning problem. I just couldn’t see a thing. Whenever my teacher put a lesson on the board, it was blurry. And when I would ask the student next to me what it said, I was told I was disrupting class. Soon I stopped asking.In first grade, I was put in the remedial reading group along with Marco and Emilio, two brothers from Mexico who spoke no English but soon became my friends.I was the last of three brothers to pass through elementary school. My teachers, who had watched my brothers thrive, couldn’t figure out why I was so bad and my brothers so good. We will write a custom essay sample on Success is believing in yourself or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They made obvious their perception, that I was bad and stupid. And when I would look back at them, everything was a blur.At school, kids would hold their spelling test scores high over my head, bragging that they were smart and I was not. At home, my brother would taunt me by calling me the â€Å"bad-stupid boy† of the family. And as of then, I was. I felt stupid, and everyone seemed to agree.***Back then, I don’t remember trying to change people’s perceptions. But when you’re so young and you don’t know who you are other than what people tell you, you believe what they say. I believed I was bad and I believed I was stupid, and so I acted that way. I didn’t want glasses to see the board because making friends was all that I had. Cool kids didn’t wear glasses, and I needed to be cool.Teachers didn’t believe in me. But there was one teacher who was different, who looked at me and saw someone else. Mrs. Kirk, my sixth grade teacher, was the first person who believed that I was better. And there was one thing she said that righted the course of my academic ship.â€Å"You’re better than you think you are,† she said as she held me late in her classroom after school. â€Å"You’re better than you think you are.†And that was where my trouble ended. No one had believed in me, and I hadn’t believed in myself. But Mrs. Kirk helped change that. Mrs. Kirk had told me that I wasn’t bad and that I wasn’t stupid, and so slowly I began to play catch-up. My parents took me to the optometrist and I received eyeglasses. I entered the seventh grade, and for the first time, I could see the board. I took notes during class and there was no reason to zone out. At night, I had my parents quiz me on basic fundamentals I had never learned in elementary school.By the end of the year, I got my report card; I was on the honor roll. I continued to improve and challenge myself. I elected to join an eighth grade advanced history class that began an hour before school. By the time I started high school, I was all caught up. It was as easy as that — all I needed was a pair of glasses, some hard work, and a belief in myself.While my outlook had changed quickly, others had moved more slowly. I have not forgotten the reaction from the girl next to me when I took a seat in the first period of ninth grade — Geometry Honors.â€Å"What are you doing here?†To my peers, I was still not an academic. They couldn’t grasp the fact that I wanted to be a scholar, that I wasn’t bad or stupid. And it wouldn’t be easy to change their minds.I received my report card that year: 4.0.***If you look at my high school transcript, you would find no evidence that I was ever â€Å"stupid,† that I was ever an underachiever. And there is surely no evidence that anyone ever thought I was. Instead, you would have to look deeper, ignoring my grades and looking at my actions. Even though I have now excelled in school, being â€Å"behind† gave me the experience of feeling at a disadvantage—of knowing what it was like to have people think I was unintelligent. I have never forgotten my roots—the feeling of being lost in the classroom, the feeling of inferiority. I now strive in high school to share my good fortune, to raise awareness of educational inequality, and to mentor kids from disadvantaged backgrounds so that their confidence may grow.This year, I am a tutor for Sal and Heidi, two students who are seeking to become first-generation college graduates. Looking into their eyes through my well-worn glasses, I sense their fear. It is a fear of failure, and it is a fear of ridicule — which I once felt.â€Å"Well, some day you may fail a test,† I tell them, â€Å"and someone will call you stupid. †As I speak, I think of the times when I felt ashamed because I could not read.â€Å"But we will rise to try again,† I continue. â€Å"And this will make us better. With a belief in ourselves, we can succeed.†With this, Sal and Heidi smile. It may be a challenge for them to go to college, a goal that some perhaps have told them they cannot achieve. But I know they can. I know that they are better than they think they are.Sal and Heidi have not yet connected with their biggest advocates, the people who know that they will make it. And when they ask me who those people are, I tell them to start by finding a mirror — in order to succeed, they need to believe in themselves.

Authorship in Cinema essays

Authorship in Cinema essays Flannery O'Connor's short story collection A Good Man is Hard to Find has many elements of a southern gothic work. Images of ancient castles with sliding panels create suspicious themes and settings that lead the readers into the dark and gloomy world of the southern United States. With all of the violence, horror, and dismal surroundings presented in O'Connor's stories there is too a moral message given. Later gothic work did not always explain horror like this, holding little moral value to contrast their grotesque images (notes, November 1). O'Connor's stories do include a strong moral element, frequently in the form of religious explanations. The characters within A Good Man is Hard to Find are usually ignorant and self-satisfying people, who come across "the grotesque" and are shocked into self-realization, no longer self-satisfied. These grotesque elements are usually the divine in disguise forcing the characters into introspection. In a letter Flannery O'Connor wrote sh e stated: "You have found Christ when you are concerned with other people's suffering and not your own." In this quotation we can see the moral message O'Connor was attempting to convey in her stories, and through further analysis of the work this fact can be more clearly illustrated. In the first story, A Good Man is Hard to Find, O'Connor's moral message is clearly presented. The grandmother protagonist in the story is very self-serving. She demands constant attention (although rarely getting it) and stubborn in the fact that her wishes must be carried out. She only wants to go to Tennessee to see old connections (O'Connor, pg. 1). The grandmother cannot move away from past and is at the same time confused by accuracy of past events. On the trip a road stop seems very suggestive of a hellish place: barbecue fires, Red Sammy, etc (O'Connor, pg. 6). The grandmother's lack of character judging is pointed out in this scene. She believes that R...

Power Play for Juwan Howard Essay Example

Power Play for Juwan Howard Essay Example Power Play for Juwan Howard Essay Power Play for Juwan Howard Essay Power Play for Howard â€Å"Successful negotiation involves the management of tangibles (e. g. , the price or the terms of an agreement) and also the resolution of intangibles†. (Lewicki, Sanders, and Barry 2005 p. ) With regard to Juwan Howard, the Washington Bullets all-star free agent forward went into negotiation with David Falk over a $100 million contract that was offered by NBA. The negotiations that took place were complicated as all parties involved had to decide what the others move was going to produce. In the end Juwan Howard implemented value by comparing and contrasting the teams’ offers with respect to his personal value. Howard conducted integrative negotiation procedures to produce a â€Å"win-win† situation for all parties concerned. To follow in this case study Team A will evaluate the benefits, costs, and risks associated with the negotiation from the perspective of all parties involved. Brief Summary of Case Study The Juwan Howard case centers on knowing the engagement rules of negotiation. In this case, the rules were many and some rules were hidden. Juwan Howard was ready to test the free agent market. His contract with his current team the Bullets was ending and he was ready to see what the market had in store for him. He loved living and playing in Washington and the fans wanted to see him take the team to the NBA Title Playoff. Thinking of Washington as home and admiring the beaches of Miami. Juwan and his agents were looking for a specific amount for his contract. One thing Juwan Howard did in the negotiation process was to let the teams give him their offer first. Howard and his agents also did research on the market and knew what the fair market value was for a player of Howard’s caliber. The Bullets knew what they could afford. Miami knew what they could afford and it seemed as if Miami was willing to give more to have the Michigan star. The NBA has rules for salary cap for all teams as no team is allowed to exceed a certain amount on an annual basis in salary for the players. With this the teams need to do their research. Miami seemed to be in the driver’s seat in the Juwan Howard obtaining game. The Bullets had given what they could and the decision was up to Juwan. Miami came in and was willing to give Juwan what he wanted, which included luxury suites and limos to the games. Juwan was in heaven and ready to be part of the Heat organization. The NBA did all the calculations and found that Miami was not in compliance with the salary cap rules. At this point, Howard was flying to Miami to look for nice houses and dinner with Coach Riley. The shock came to Juwan when he discovered the Heat could not afford him. Juwan, as he has said all along, was willing to listen to his former team again. A rule that allowed Washington to spend whatever they wanted to obtain their superstar back on the roster was called, â€Å"the Bird rights. This rule gave Washington a chance to negotiate with Howard again and offer anything they wanted. Washington matched the Heat’s offer. Juwan decided to return to his former team as the NBA was going to arbitration with the Heat because of the salary cap violation that negates Howard’s contract with them. Managers Evaluation of Benefits Tangible and Intangible Juwan Howard thought that the negotiation of the contract me ant that he would get the full market value for the next seven years. His effort was at a high because this will enable him to get the most bangs for his buck. If he would have decided to stay with one team then he would not get as much as he would on the market. Also if he decided to go with a losing team then he must handle the losing and misery that goes along with that. Since he had been with Washington for so long he was emotionally attached to the city and people who make it even harder to leave. The Washington Bullets looked at getting Juwan Howard back on the team because he was a good player and this can help the team be better. The bond with the fans would not be broken, either. The intangible for the team would be a loss if he decided to leave. It is not easy to find a player of this caliber and the team would not be as strong. From the perspective of Miami Heat, they had not been able to sign a contract with Mourning, who was their first choice and now they focused on Juwan Howard. He would suit the team perfectly and would help Miami win. Wes Unseld the manager of the Washington Bullets wanted Juwan Howard back. This would lead to more wins for the team and more respect. The contract was a great deal of money and the risk for the manager is he may lose his job. Pat Riley the Heats manager believed that the contract would be a problem. He wanted Juwan Howard to be part of the team but he was investigated by the league because of empty promises that may not happen. This really hurt his reputation throughout the league and the offer for Juwan might not happen if the heat did not get Mourning on the team also. Juwan Howard’s Evaluation Juwan Howard is in an interesting situation in that he has to choose between money and loyalty to a team and fan base that he has grown accustomed. Finding a good player such as Howard is hard to do and the Bullets are very aware of this. They are also aware of the high offer that the Miami Heat has offered their star player. Putting all they have on the table the Bullets have made an offer to Howard hoping that they are playing on his heart strings and that his loyalty to the fans and the team will keep him in Washington. Howard is also looking out for himself and working toward getting the most he can out of these teams. He seems to be playing both sides of the fence by showing tears when the Bullets are coming back with lower offers but asking for more when higher offers from other teams are coming back with offers. Howard will not be satisfied unless he can attain the Heats offer in Washington. Even after he hears a final offer from the Bullets he has no issue going to Miami, who is offering a very high salary and asking for more. This shows a very selfish side of Howard and it also shows that Howard has no intention of being satisfied with Miami; he is just in it for the perks. It is very clear that Howard has chosen money over loyalty during this negotiation process. Conclusion When a relationship is not working individuals turn to negation to redefine their relationship. From the case study Power Play for Howard, one can conclude that to obtain positive results for all parties involved in the negotiation the representatives must define what the true problem is and understand what each party wants out of the negotiation. Howard implemented value by comparing and contrasting the teams’ offers with respect to his personal value. Howard conducted integrative negotiation procedures to produce a â€Å"win-win† situation for all parties concerned.

The Theory of Static Trade-off Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Theory of Static Trade-off - Case Study Example This theory of static trade-off presumes that subsequent to expense, debt benefits may be received. Benefits of utilizing debt includes that a challenge of free cashflow gets minimized and as well payments of interest may be deducted from taxation. As a result, a taxation gain from debts may be received. Furthermore, the bigger the rate of taxation, the greater will be the motivation to borrow. Such theory of static trade-off has for a long period subjugated the thinking concerning the capital structure; conversely it contains a few drawbacks. Maybe the major disadvantage involves that numerous huge, financially complex as well as highly productive companies make small utilization of debts within their funding. That’s contrary to the theory of static-trade-off that presumes that those companies employ comparatively mainly debt. The idea underlying the theory of static trade-off involves that those companies experience small threat of becoming insolvent and hue high tax benefit s exist from the taxation shield that is expected.The likely existence of this theory of static trade-off within the decisions of capital structure in Diageo firms will further be explained by employing frequently employed company specific factors. The logic underlying a negative association connecting the debt-free taxation shield as well as the ratio of debt and capital involves taxation reductions on such as depreciation as well as taxation credits get presumed as alternatives in favor of tax gains expected from debt funding.

Final paper 410 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Final paper 410 - Essay Example Most important amongst the strategies is the continued exploitation of the emerging markets that has given the chance to benefit from the increasing healthcare spending from these countries, and specifically targeting Latin America and Asia-Pacific. Research and development has also been a primary factor towards this growth and has contributed in retaining the competitive advantage. The company has also improved its healthcare sector margins to about 16.7% through cost reduction activities benefits like existing from the low Margi product and headcount reduction. General Electronics has been structured into six distinct divisions. Every division is designed a specific product category. The six divisions include Healthcare, Aviation, Home & Business solutions, Energy, Capital and Transportation. Besides these six divisions, GE has specially devoted to the Global operations and growth. It is this division that was responsible for all the sales made by the company outside the United States. This sales division is very special for the future of the company. Jeffrey Immelt, the GE’s CEO, expect that other countries besides the USA will bring in more than 60% of the total sales globally. The company has been divided into a further twelve geographical regions to ensure that it becomes successful in its global marketing and sales campaigns: South East Asia, India, China, Canada, Australia, Europe, Africa, Germany, Middle East, Russia, Latin/ South America and Japan. The company hired one of the best minds to head the global operations (John R ice). GE Healthcare planned to spend $500 million between the years 2010 and 2020 in research into neurological disorders. The investment is targeted at the healthcare global business and specializes in neurological diagnostic solutions, expanding the ongoing research and educating the consumers. The target area of research include Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, post-traumatic stress disorder,

Evaluating The Spawning Techniques For Bivalves

Evaluating The Spawning Techniques For Bivalves Control of reproduction is a prerequisite in modern bivalves aquculture industries due to unreliable quantity and quality of natural spat as well as market demand on standardized products. Spawning is one critical step in bivalves hatchery, together with fertilization and larval rearing, thus a lot of research has been done to explore prospective methods and understand the process within. Various means in spawning techniques are presented herein, i.e. gamete stripping and spawning induction by chemical or physical stimulants. Where relevant, advantage and disadvantage of each technique are discussed and compared. Introduction Bivalves are aquatic animals belong to the phylum Mollusca which characterized by two calcareous shells covering a soft body, encompassingboth marine and fresh-water species both marine and fresh-water species. Some well-known bivalves, such as clams, scallop, mussels, and oysters; has been successfully cultured since decades or centuries ago (Nash, 2011). Nowadays, bivalves and other members of molluscs accounts for nearly 30% of aquaculture production with volume more than 50 million tonnes in 2006 (FAO, 2008). Intensive production is needed to meet market demands on edible and high value bivalves (pearl oysters). One important key of intensification is control over all of the production steps, including management of reproduction which will lead to higher productivity with lower cost in order to reach best efficiencies and standardized products. Controlled spawning of molluscs is the best way to obtain reliable supply of quality seeds and reduce dependencies upon unreliable natural spawning events to collect spat. The development of bivalves hatchery was started in 1879 when William Brooks demonstrated that oyster eggs could be spawned and developed into the larval stage in laboratory (Castagna, 1983). No published report on artificial propagation of bivalve molluscs until 1920s when William Wells successfully reared oyster larvae. These two findings provide important data for further development in molluscan aquaculture. This article will describe a number of common spawning techniques for bivalves, which divided into 2 categories: gamete stripping and spawning induction. Henceforward, gamete stripping is considered not induction since the word induction refers to a persuading or stimulating action, whereas another authors may define the other way. Advantage and disadvantage considerations of each technique are included, particularly in relevance with practical farming aspects. 1. Gamete Stripping As the name indicates, this procedure involves removal of gamete from gonad tissue. Briefly, fully ripe gonad overlies the digestive tract was slash repeatedly with scalpel and washed with filtered seawater to harvest the gametes. Microscopy examination is needed to determine sex and appearance of the ova and sperms. Therefore, only well-trained operators can carry it out because of high level of difficulties. Due to its effectiveness, gamete stripping has been widely used to obtain gametes in many Bivalvia species. Pacific oysters (Suquet et al., 2007), pearl oysters Pinctada fucata (Alagarswami et al., 1983a), and European flat oysters Crassostrea gigas (Shpigel, 1989) are some of organisms successfully spawned using gamete stripping. Furthermore, this technique obviously the only way to obtain mature gametes for species that can not be spawned by any physical or chemical stimulation. In some bivalves, viable eggs does not necessarily obtained immediately after stripping because naturally a series of activation process takes place in follicle prior to spawning, i. e. removal of germinal vesicles and formation of germinal spindle (Loosanof, 1953; Southgate, 2008). Loosanof and Davis (1963) treated eggs of Mercenaria mercenaria with 0.1N ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH), but the embryos did not develop well and leading to low percentage of normal larvae compared to their naturally spawned counterparts. So far, no reports about detail mechanisms on how NH4OH activates eggs, while comprehensive understanding of the process is absolutely important for optimization or probably substitute NH4OH with another potential substance. Stripping itself is a destructive and lethal method, thus it is not a sustainable way to maintain broodstock collections. Sacrificing superior broodstock must be invaluable loss that all hatcheries try to avoid it. Likewise, pearl oysters hatcheries prefer another spawning method that has no detrimental effects, considering the high value of the product and the oysters itself (Southgate, 2008). 2. Spawning Induction by Physical and Chemical Means 2.1 Chemical stimuli 2.1.1 Injections of sex steroids The presence of steroids in molluscs has been identified by Hagerman et al. (1957) and its fluctuations have a strong correlation with sexual maturation, gamete release, and sex determination in bivalve (Croll and Wang, 2007). A serotonin, 5 hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), works synergistically with steroid for those functions because steroids regulate 5-HT receptor on the membrane of gametes (Kadam et al., 1991). Combinations of 5-HT and steroid intragonadal injections are the most widely used in aquaculture farming practice. Efficacy of steroid treatment must be assessed on species basis because a particular steroid may give different results in different species. Similarly, one species could give various responses to some steroids, even if they have similar chemical structure. Published reports by Wang Croll (2003; 2004; 2006) explain clearly about gonadal maturation as well as spawning responses in sea scallop Placopecten magellanicus towards a number of steroid injections, both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro study by Wang and Croll (2003) shows 10-5-10-8 M progesterone and 17ÃŽÂ ²-estradiol potentiated gamete release in 5-HT-induced gonads tissue of P. magellanicus, both female and/or male. On the other side, testosterone (10-5-10-7 M) was only effective in male and no significant effects on dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and 4ÃŽÂ ±-androsterone injections. Application of steroid inhibitors and control group (5-HT-incubated gonads) in the experiment strongly suggest steroids and steroid receptors involve in molluscan reproduction. Those results are confirmed with in vivo study by Wang and Croll (2006), although slightly different. Progesterone, which is able to initiate gamete release in male and female gonads tissue in vitro, demonstrated inhibitory effect in 5-HT-induced female P. magellanicus. Another interesting fact is the number of gametes released (spawning intensity) are sharply increased up to 300% and the response time after injection (spawning latency) reduced about 30%. Despite of its advantages, administration of sex steroid in bivalves farming apparently impose additional cost since serotonin must be used in parallel to obtain optimal result. In-depth economic calculations might be necessary to reach a balance between cost and benefits. 2.1.2 Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) H2O2 application to induce bivalves spawning was first reported by Morse et al. (1977). He and his colleagues found that addition of 5mM of H2O2 to alkaline seawater successfully induced spawning, in both male and female gravid abalone Haliotis rufescens, within about 3 hours after the first addition. This effect results from activation of prostaglandin endoperoxidase by peroxides, which eventually triggers the spawning response. Their paper convincingly pointed that H2O2, neither another contaminants nor substances, initiates the spawning (Table 1). Destruction of H2O2 by catalase and mercaptoethanol (reducing agent) effectively blocks spawning. Aspirin, an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase and prostaglandin peroxidase synthesis, shows endoperoxidase synthesis is required for induction of spawning by H2O2. Table 1. Induction of spawning in gravid H. rufescens Treatment Total Number of Animals Tested Spawned Controls 77 (47F, 30M) 3 (2F, 1M) H2O 18 (13 F, 5 M) 0 H2O2 31 (17 F, 14 M) 30 (16 F, 14 M) Aspirin, then H2O2 26 (12 F, 14 M) 2 M Catalase, then H2O2 5 M 0 Mercaptoethanol, then H2O2 5 M 0 Note: F = female, M = male. Source: Morse et al. (1977) Nevertheless, less success was achieved in Indian pearl oysters P. fucata with H2O2 treatment as with abalone did (Alagarswami et al., 1983b). Mild spawning only occurred with 6mM H2O2 for 5 hours immersion. Supplementation of seawater with Tris buffer at pH 9.1, which usually effective for abalone, does not works well for P. fucata. These conversely results indicate H2O2 concentration must be optimized for any cultured species, sometimes in combination with other treatments. Since peroxide method is a simple and rapid technique, an assay for spawning bivalves which previously known difficult to spawn can be developed quite easily. Morse (1984) has been able to identify optimal conditions for gametogenesis and spawning of green (H. fulgens), pink (H. corrugata), and black abalone (H. cracherodii) using peroxide method. Spawning of these animals can be induced by H2O2 in a slightly high temperature (20-25Â °C). 2.1.3 Injections of neurotransmitters Serotonin, 5-HT, is the most widely used and probably the most potent neurotransmitter for artificial spawning purpose. In vitro study shows ovarian tissue of Patinopecten yessoensis released high number of eggs after been immersed in 10-6M serotonin (Matsutani and Nomura, 1987). The study also demonstrated interaction between serotonin and its receptors in ovary, as well as on how prostaglandins regulate serotonin performance in scallop. The efficacy of serotonin in vitro was confirmed in many in vivo studies. Gibbons and Castagna (1984) injected six species of bivalves with 2mM serotonin, nearly similar to the concentration used by Matsutani and Nomura (1987), and all of them spawned as expected with spawning latency 15-30 minutes (Table 2). For an unknown reason, there is a tendency serotonin more likely affected males than females. Table 2. Number of bivalves spawned by 5-HT injection Species Treatment Number of Tested Spawning Males Spawning Females Arctica islandica Control 70 0 0 Serotonin 70 15 4 Argopecten irradians Control 35 2 1 Serotonin 35 29 1 Crassostrea virginica Control 30 0 0 Serotonin 30 21 0 Geukensia demissa Control 20 1 0 Serotonin 20 8 1 Mercenaria mercenaria Control 70 0 0 Serotonin 329 116 21 Spisula solidissima Control 45 0 1 Serotonin 45 18 9 Source: Gibbons and Castagna (1984). Positive result was also obtained in giant clams, only Hippopus hippopus was less sensitive to serotonin (Braley, 1985). Another tested species (Tridacna gigas, T. derasa, T. maxima, T. crocea, T. squamosa) did very well in terms of spawning latency and spawning duration, even with a low dosage of serotonin. Therefore, injection of serotonin provides reliable way to induce spawning in giant clams, besides gametes-overlay method. Velez et al. (1989) carried out a more comprehensive research to see effect some neurotransmitters upon spawning induction in scallop Pecten ziczac. Given the number of neurotransmitters (dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine), only serotonine could induce spawning process. Moreover, they noticed that females give less response to serotonine than males do; similar to what Gibbons Castagna (1984) found. 2.1.4 Addition of gametes Tridacnid clams, such as T. maxima and T. squamosa, can be induced to spawn in captivity by introducing gonad extract from the opposite-sex into the mantel cavity (Gwyther and Munro, 1981; Munro et al., 1982). Three different gonad extracts were performed: gonad biopsy, freshly blended gonad, and freeze-dried blended gonad. Unfortunately, the author did not compare the treatments and describe the relevant results more detail. This induction technique is fairly simple in principles and implementation. Spawning occurs simply because synchronized release of gametes, on which gamete act as chemical cues or pheromones (Soong et al., 2005), a natural adaptation to increase external fertilization probability for broadcasting-gametes organisms. 2.1.5 Ultraviolet (UV)-irradiated seawater Seawater irradiated by light was a very powerful spawning inducer. Window-pane shell Placuna placenta responded quickly after been immersed in UV-irradiated seawater (Madrones-Ladja, 1997). The average number of eggs released per female using this treatment is as high as in serotonin treatment; furthermore the stimulus did not affect the viability of gametes. Besides of its reliable efficiency, this technique is very cost-effective and simpler than serotonin injection. It is also applicable for either individual or mass spawning, and does really works for both sexes of bivalves. 2.2 Physical stimuli 2.2.1 Temperature manipulation Manipulating water temperature is the most popular methods of spawning induction in bivalve hatcheries mainly because of its ease of application and reliable effectiveness. This technique has been studying intensively and implemented in pearl oyster P. maxima (Southgate and Beer, 1997) and various edible bivalves, such as American oyster Ostrea virginica (Soria et al., 2010) and brackish water bivalve Corbicula japonica (Baba et al., 1999). Reproductive physiology of O. virginica has been discovered more than decades ago, thus artificial reproductive control method has been set up very well (Galtsoff, 1938a; 1938b; 1940). Sudden change in water temperature from 20 to 32-35Â °C was found effectively stimulate spawning than long exposure to lower temperatures. In C. japonica, rising the temperature must be accompanied by salinity. Baba et al. (1999) demonstrated temperature 26Â °C with salinity 2.3-4.5 practical salinity unit (psu) give optimum yield. Moreover, addition of gamete suspension into the water is able to increase its fecundity. These three different factors may bring some complexity in terms of hatchery practice because optimization of those components is more likely indispensable. 2.2.2 Administration of microalgal food Immersing razor clams Siliqua patula in high density of phytoplankton is the only method so far that scientifically effective to induced spawning process. Breese and Robinson (1981) found 2-2.5 million cells ml-1 microalgae Pseudoisochrysis paradoxa stimulates razor clams to spawn. No published report that explains this phenomenon, so the exact mechanism does not understood well. It is maybe only a basic instinct of reproduction in nature when food present abundantly in environment. This method could be a good alternative instead of gamete stripping. The number of eggs released per clam as well as hatching rate was much higher compared to those obtain by stripping. In terms of aquaculture practicality, this technique is considerably easy and fairly inexpensive. 3. Conclusions There are numerous techniques to stimulate spawning process in bivalves. Basically, they are only mimicking natural process involved in natural reproduction cycle. No one of those techniques is more superior to another, therefore choosing the appropriate technique should be based on species cultured. Any cost associated, for instance chemicals and equipments, must be also taken into consideration.

Advantages of a Public Limited Company (Plc) :: Business and Management Studies

Advantages of a Public Limited Company (Plc) Tesco is a public limited company (plc). A lot of big companies go public. This is because unlike a private limited, a plc is able to advertise the sale of shares and sell them to members of the general public though the stock exchange. Advantages of a Public Limited Company (Plc)  · Shares can be advertised  · Shares can be sold through the stock exchange  · Large plc’s may find it easier to borrow from banks  · Shareholders have limited liability  · Cheaper borrowing and bulk purchasing Disadvantages of a Public Limited Company (Plc)  · Going public can be expensive  · Some plc’s can grow so large that they may become difficult to manage effectively  · Risk of takeover by rival companies who have bought shares in the company A lot of companies go public. This is because of all the advantages on top. The shares can be advertised so that means more people will see it and might invest in it. The shares can be sold through the stock exchange. This means it is open to the public and it’s not only the people who get invited can by its share. Tesco can find it easier to borrow from banks because the banks know that they will get their money back with there interest. There are several different types of owner ship. They are: * Sole traders * Parternership * Private limited companies * Public limited companies (Tesco’s) * Co-operative * Not for profit or a charity * Franchise Sole trader A Sole Trader is a business that is owned by only 1 person. They are responsible for everything that goes on in the business. An example of a sole trader is usually an off licence, taxi driver, sweet shop etc. Advantages of a Sole Trader ---------------------------  · Easy to set up – no legal formalities of fees  · Own boss and can make all the decisions  · Keep all profits  · Can be set up with relatively little capital  · Personal contact with customers can encourage consumer loyalty Disadvantages of a Sole Trader ------------------------------  · Owner have limited funds and may find it difficult to borrow money from banks  · Owner have to work long hours and cannot afford to be sick  · The owner have unlimited liability  · The owner must be a ‘jack of all trades’  · Small businesses are often unable to benefit from bulk purchase discounts. Partnership ----------- A partnership is a business owned by two or more people. There can be a maximum of 19 people in a partnership. Forming a partnership is one solution to overcoming certain disadvantages associated with running a

Computer Network and Intense Financial Pressure

Introduction: CareGroup was established in 1996 from a three-way merger of several hospitals in the eastern Massachusetts area. The merger was driven by the intense financial pressure and competitiveness in the healthcare community. CareGroup was the second largest hospital group in the area, and was a force to be reckoned with in the war of medical costs that included healthcare providers and employers. Problem: On Nov 13, 2002, a researcher executed an application without terminating it, which caused huge data communication traffics and led to a network crash. The network crash could not be fixed internally and the CIO at CareGroup had to call experts from Cisco for help the next day. While Cisco engineers were fixing the problem, CareGroup employees resorted back to paper based forms as a costly and unorganized replacement to their networked computers. The network was restored five days after the crash and post-crash repairing commenced to help recovery and further potential crashes. Problem Analysis: The source of the collapse was an â€Å"out of spec† network. CareGroup integrated its multiple operating systems into a state-of-the-art IT system. However, not well managed were the incremental changes to the network. This lack of control compromised the paths over which data flowed. That, combined with an experimental application that had been left unmonitored in a production environment, were the underlying causes for the network failure. CareGroup lacked a standardized operational flow to streamline, control, monitor, and document activities of users and researchers. There was little control and IT governance on common users to access or make changes to the network configuration. Right after the outage, several changes were made by various users without synchronization and documenting, which worsened the outage situation. Solutions: The following are the proposed options to help solve the aforementioned problem: 1. CareGroup can implement a Disaster Recovery Plan (DRP) and Contingency Plan (CP). The DRP describes the road map through which CareGroup must deal with unpredictable, unpreventable, or potential catastrophic events. the contingency plan acts as backbone for disaster recovery and allows for a complete recovery cycle. CP would require careful preparation and planning in order to allow CareGroup the ability to get back to a working state of affairs. 2. CareGroup should redesign the company network infrastructure to employ Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). A multi- VPN approach would enable CareGroup to maintain independency (separate virtual LANs) for their business partners. 3. Combine both options 1 and 2. 4. Outsourcing the network services. Recommendation: I recommend that CareGroup implement a disaster recovery plan, as well as adopt formal oversight of network changes and a prohibition against developers testing in a production environment.

The Management Of Grief By Bharati Mukherjee And Araby

There is a great importance of theme and literary characteristics when attempting to connect various literary works, as it allows the reader to make a deeper connection and understanding of the stories. Although The Management of Grief by Bharati Mukherjee and Araby by James Joyce had incredibly diverse settings, one may connect the two by the similar themes shared in both works. Both authors also frequently use recurring imagery and main character point of view in their stories, to further the readers understanding of the themes. On the other hand, the stories can also be described as different through their settings, plot structures, and characters. The short stories have both similarities and differences when it comes to themes and literary characteristics. These two short stories showcase the diversity of writing as although the stories are quite different, both can be related through the authors styles of writing. The connection between these literary works proves that there is always a deeper meaning, despite their slight differences. Both The Management of Grief and Araby share the reoccurring theme of love and loss. The main characters of each story both fight their own battles to cope with the losses of loved ones. Shaila Bhave of The Management of Grief, loses her entire family in a plane hijacking accident and is forced to go on without her loved ones. Similarly, the young boy of Araby seems to lose his chance with a woman he is in love with from afar as he